Assuntos
Face/microbiologia , Higiene da Pele , Pele/microbiologia , Adulto , Cosméticos , Feminino , Humanos , Malassezia , Microbiota , Propionibacterium , Staphylococcus , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Malassezia cells stimulate cytokine production by keratinocytes, although this ability differs among Malassezia species for unknown reasons. The aim of this study was to clarify the factors determining the ability to induce cytokine production by human keratinocytes in response to Malassezia species. M. furfur NBRC 0656, M. sympodialis CBS 7222, M. dermatis JCM 11348, M. globosa CBS 7966, M. restricta CBS 7877, and three strains each of M. globosa, M. restricta, M. dermatis, M. sympodialis, and M. furfur maintained under various culture conditions were used. Normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) (1 × 10(5) cells) and the Malassezia species (1 × 10(6) cells) were co-cultured, and IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-8 mRNA levels were determined. Moreover, the hydrophobicity and ß-1,3-glucan expression at the surface of Malassezia cells were analyzed. The ability of Malassezia cells to trigger the mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines in NHEKs differed with the species and conditions and was dependent upon the hydrophobicity of Malassezia cells not ß-1,3-glucan expression.
Assuntos
Citocinas/biossíntese , Interações Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Queratinócitos/imunologia , Queratinócitos/microbiologia , Malassezia/química , Malassezia/imunologia , Células Cultivadas , Técnicas de Cocultura , Citocinas/genética , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , HumanosRESUMO
Malassezia globosa is a major pathogen of Malassezia folliculitis (MF) and the predominant species on human skin. The aim of this study was to clarify the differences between M. globosa and other cutaneous Malassezia species, M. restricta, M. dermatis, M. sympodialis and M. furfur. The optimum growth temperature, effects of compounds of sweat and free fatty acids on growth, and lipase activities of five cutaneous Malassezia species were determined. The growth of M. globosa was promoted strongly by the compounds of sweat and high temperature unlike that of other cutaneous Malassezia species. This result clarified that M. globosa tended to grow actively in summer conditions more than other cutaneous Malassezia species. Furthermore, M. globosa showed high lipase activity. We consider these characteristics of M. globosa to relate to the pathogenesis of MF.
Assuntos
Dermatomicoses/etiologia , Malassezia/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Dermatomicoses/microbiologia , Ácidos Graxos não Esterificados/farmacologia , Humanos , Lipase/metabolismo , Malassezia/efeitos dos fármacos , Malassezia/enzimologia , Malassezia/patogenicidade , Estações do Ano , Especificidade da Espécie , Suor/química , Suor/microbiologia , TemperaturaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Malassezia is a particularly important factor in the occurrence of atopic dermatitis (AD). AIM: The aim of this study was to quantitatively clarify the Malassezia species isolated from AD patients by gender, body part and analytical method in detail. METHODS: The subjects were 20 AD males and 47 AD females. Samples were collected from lesion and nonlesion areas on the face and upper trunk of AD patients. Malassezia DNA was analyzed using a real-time PCR system. RESULTS: The cutaneous Malassezia microbiota in AD patients differed by gender, body part and analytical method. CONCLUSIONS: The present results indicate the possibility that the influence of Malassezia antigens is different according to gender and body part.
Assuntos
Dermatite Atópica/microbiologia , Dermatomicoses/microbiologia , Malassezia/isolamento & purificação , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Dorso/microbiologia , Bochecha/microbiologia , Criança , Técnicas de Cultura , Feminino , Testa/microbiologia , Humanos , Malassezia/classificação , Malassezia/genética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Técnicas de Tipagem Micológica , Propionibacterium/isolamento & purificação , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Fatores Sexuais , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Staphylococcus epidermidis/isolamento & purificação , Tórax/microbiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Malassezia is a component of normal cutaneous resident microbiota. The aim of this study was to quantitatively clarify the differences in cutaneous Malassezia microbiota in healthy subjects by sex, body part and season. Samples were collected from the forehead, cheek, upper chest and upper back of 20 healthy men and 20 healthy women (average age 32 years) in summer and winter by the swab method. Malassezia DNA was analyzed using a real-time PCR system. As a result, in sex, body parts and season, men, the upper trunk and summer showed the highest total numbers of cutaneous Malassezia species on average. There were also differences depending on the analytical method. The predominant species were M. restricta on the face of men, M. globosa and M. dermatis on the upper trunk of men, and M. globosa and M. sympodialis on the upper trunk of women. This study clarified that the cutaneous Malassezia microbiota of healthy subjects differed by sex, body part and season.
